紫花爵床:鱗花草、四子馬藍 two blue flower-acanthaceae

近日走在太平山上,認識到這兩種長著紫藍花朵的匍匐草本 – 鱗花草、四子馬藍;都屬爵床科。

爵床科的特徵包括單葉,對生,無托葉;花兩性,常兩側對稱,排成總狀、穗狀、聚繖或頭狀花序。

took walks around the victoria peak couple of times in october. saw many wild plants, big and small. here are two procumbent herbs with bluish blossoms from the family of acanthaceae, one of the genus lepidagathis, another of strobilanthes.

鱗花草,又名鱗衣草、牛膝琢,多年生草本。形態微妙,惟有引述《醫學百科》的描述:葉片卵形至長圓狀披針形,全緣,呈波浪狀,兩面有針狀結晶的小線條。頂生或腋生稠密穗狀花序,圓柱形,單生或數個聚生,花常偏于花序的一側。萼五深裂,最外裂片較大,冠檐2唇形,上唇微裂,下唇3裂。花期11-12月至翌年3月。

中醫會採全草,切段鮮用或曬乾備用。味甘、微苦、性寒。功能清熱解毒.消腫止痛。用於眼痛、口唇糜爛、蛇瘡。

this lepidagathis herb may be called lepidagathis cuspidate. but according to the flowers of india, this plant is also found in tropical himalayas at higher altitude, which doesn’t fit the profile of this plant in southern china.

鱗花草屬 lepidagathis – kingdom: plantae 植物界 | (unranked) : angiosperms 被子植物 | (unranked) : eudicots 真雙子葉植物| (unranked) : asterids | order : lamiales 唇形目 | family : acanthaceae 爵床科|genus : lepidagathis 鱗花草屬 wiki

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四子馬藍。有關此品種的網上資料不多。我胡亂推敲,名字上的「四子」是說她的花蕊。

至於馬藍屬,資料比較多。特別之處是此屬植物莖葉可加工成藍色染料,名為靛藍。臺灣並長年使用作為藍染原料。

this plant is called strobilanthes tetraspermus, according to few hong kong sites. but there is limited information of the exact species.

more information and interesting ones are found about the genus strobilanthes. it is mostly native to tropical asia. and it has a long history among the chinese to use this plant to extract a blue dye from the stalk and leaves.

strobilanthes 馬藍屬 – kingdom : plantae 植物界 | division: 被子植物門 magnoliophyta | class : 雙子葉植物綱 magnoliopsida | order : lamiales 唇形目 | family : acanthaceae 爵床科|genus : 馬藍屬 strobilanthes wiki

參考 :

  • 馬藍屬 – 常綠草本植物,呈灌木狀,葉對生,橢圓形,邊緣有鋸齒,暗綠色,有光澤,花紫色。生于山坡、路旁、草叢及林邊潮濕處。
  • 根莖及葉入藥,有清熱解毒、涼血消腫之效,可治腮炎。馬藍葉主要抗癌成分為靛玉紅(indirubin)及靛甙(即吲哚甙,indican),另含異靛藍(isoindigo)等。
  • 莖葉可加工成藍色染料,名為靛藍。《人體身心健康百科
  • 除了藥用,馬藍是早期臺灣所使用的藍染植物的原料之一,因而現在仍有大量的族群逸生野外,尤其臺北郊山。《維基百科》

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